Exploring Digital Source of Information on Opportunity Recognition for Future Entrepreneurs: Self-Efficacy as the Mediator
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2025.3.277.296Słowa kluczowe:
digital artefacts, digital platforms, digital applications, digital recognition, entrepreneurial educationAbstrakt
Aim. This article examines how digital platforms, applications, and artifacts affect opportunity recognition in entrepreneurship education, focusing on self-efficacy among Indonesian undergraduates. The aim is to understand how these digital resources help students recognise entrepreneurial opportunities and develop entrepreneurial competencies.
Methods. A cross-sectional survey of 202 undergraduates in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia, assessed their use of digital platforms, applications, and artifacts. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to examine the relationships among digital sources, self-efficacy, and opportunity recognition.
Results. The study finds that digital platforms and applications help students identify entrepreneurial opportunities, with self-efficacy partially mediating the effects of digital artifacts. Digital artifacts increased self-efficacy but did not directly influence opportunity recognition. The findings emphasise the need for interactive digital tools in entrepreneurship education and highlight the critical role of self-efficacy in the learning process.
Conclusion. Digital platforms and applications significantly contribute to students' opportunity recognition, while digital artifacts support the development of self-efficacy. Enhancing self-efficacy is essential for optimising digital learning outcomes in entrepreneurship education.
Research restrictions. The study is limited to undergraduate students in Greater Jakarta, which may limit the generalisability of the findings. Future research should explore broader demographic and cross-cultural contexts.
Pobrania
Bibliografia
Abernathy, W. J., & Clark, K. B. (1985). Innovation: Mapping creative destruction. Research Policy, 14, 3–22.
Adner, R. (2006). Match your innovation strategy to your innovation ecosystem. Harvard Business Review, 84(4), 98-107.
Al-Atabi, M., & Deboer, J. (2014). Teaching entrepreneurship using Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). Technovation, 34(4), 261–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2014.01.006
Ali, M., Hashim, N., & Ibrahim, A. (2017). The evaluations of Facebook as an educational technology tool in polytechnic's entrepreneurship courses. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 9(6S), 805–815. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v9i6s.60
Arenius, P., & Clercq, D. De. (2005). A network-based approach to opportunity recognition. Small Business Economics, 24(3), 249–265. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-005-1988-6
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W. H. Freeman and Company.
Baron, R. A., & Ensley, M. D. (2006). Opportunity recognition as the detection of meaningful patterns: Evidence from comparisons of novice and experienced entrepreneurs. Management Science, 52(9), 1331–1344. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1060.0538
Bonesso, S., Gerli, F., Pizzi, C., & Cortellazzo, L. (2018). Students’ entrepreneurial intentions: The role of prior learning experiences and emotional, social, and cognitive competencies. Journal of Small Business Management, 56(00), 215–242. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12399
Byun, C. G., Sung, C. S., Park, J. Y., & Choi, D. S. (2018). A study on the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education programs in higher education institutions: A case study of Korean graduate programs. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 4(3), Article 26. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc4030026
Camelo-Ordaz, C., Diánez-González, J. P., Franco-Leal, N., & Ruiz-Navarro, J. (2020). Recognition of entrepreneurial opportunity using a socio-cognitive approach. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship, 38(8), 718–745. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242620939843
Chen, L., Ifenthaler, D., & Yau, J. Y.-K. (2021). Online and blended entrepreneurship education: a systematic review of applied educational technologies. Entrep Educ, 4, 191–232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41959-021-00047-7
Cheng, H., Bian, Q., & Mao, Q. (2022). How can Internet use and environmental risk perception encourage pro-environmental behaviors? The mediating role of government performance perception. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 31(6), 5621–5631. https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/152225
Costa, S. F., Santos, S. C., Wach, D., & Caetano, A. (2018). Recognizing opportunities across campus: The effects of cognitive training and entrepreneurial passion on the business opportunity prototype. Journal of Small Business Management, 56(1), 51–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12348
Cui, J., Sun, J., & Bell, R. (2021). The impact of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial mindset of college students in China: The mediating role of inspiration and the role of educational attributes. International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), Article 100296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2019.04.001
Deng, Y. (2021). Influence of social media on enterprise knowledge sharing based on social network analysis. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 11(2), 99–118. https://doi.org/10.1515/erj-2020-0245
Diaz Vidal, D., Pittz, T. G., Hertz, G., & White, R. (2021). Enhancing entrepreneurial competencies through intentionally designed podcasts. International Journal of Management Education, 19(3), Article 100537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100537
Fan, M., Qalati, S. A., Khan, M. A. S., Shah, S. M. M., Ramzan, M., & Khan, R. S. (2021). Effects of entrepreneurial orientation on social media adoption and SME performance: The moderating role of innovation capabilities. PLoS ONE, 16(4), Article e0247320. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247320
Fellnhofer, K. (2022). Entrepreneurial alertness toward responsible research and innovation: Digital technology makes the psychological heart of entrepreneurship pound. Technovation, 118, Article 102384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2021.102384
Fox, J., Pittaway, L., & Uzuegbunam, I. (2018). Simulations in entrepreneurship education: Serious games and learning through play. Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy, 1(1), 61–89. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515127417737285
Galvão, A., Marques, C., & Ferreira, J. J. (2020). The role of entrepreneurship education and training programs in advancing entrepreneurial skills and new ventures. European Journal of Training and Development, 44(6–7), 595–614. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-10-2019-0174
Garson, G. D. (2016). Partial least squares: Regression and structural equation models. In Statistical Associates Publishers. Statistical Associates Publishers. https://doi.org/10.3726/978-3-0353-0280-6/8
Greene, F. J., & Saridakis, G. (2008). The role of higher education skills and support in graduate self-employment. Studies in Higher Education, 33(6), 653–672. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070802457082
Grégoire, D. A., Barr, P. S., & Shepherd, D. A. (2010). Cognitive processes of opportunity recognition: The role of structural alignment. Organization Science, 21(2), 413–431. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1090.0462
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate data analysis. In Pearson education limited (7th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hair, J. F., Black, W., C., Babin B., J., & Anderson R., E. (2009). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Prentice Hall.
Handayati, P., Wulandari, D., Soetjipto, B. E., Wibowo, A., & Narmaditya, B. S. (2020). Does entrepreneurship education promote vocational students’ entrepreneurial mindset? Heliyon, 6(11), Article e05426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05426
Hassan, H. M. K. (2020). Intention towards social entrepreneurship of university students in an emerging economy: the influence of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurship education. On the Horizon, 28(3), 133–151. https://doi.org/10.1108/OTH-04-2020-0012
Heeks, R., Gomez-Morantes, J. E., Graham, M., Howson, K., Mungai, P., Nicholson, B., & Van Belle, J. P. (2021). Digital platforms and institutional voids in developing countries: The case of ride-hailing markets. World Development, 145, Article 105528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105528
Horta, H., Meoli, M., & Vismara, S. (2016). Skilled unemployment and the creation of academic spin-offs: a recession-push hypothesis. Journal of Technology Transfer, 41(4), 798–817. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-015-9405-z
Iansiti, M., & Levien, R. (2004). The keystone advantages: What the new dynamics of business ecosystems mean for strategy, innovation and sustainability. Harvard Business School Publishing Corporation.
Ilonen, S., & Heinonen, J. (2018). Understanding affective learning outcomes in entrepreneurship education. Industry and Higher Education, 32(6), 391–404. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950422218805177
Kallinikos, J., Aaltonen, A., & Marton, A. (2013). The ambivalent ontology of digital artifacts. MIS Quarterly, 37(2), 357–370. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43825913
Kauppinen, A., & Iftikhar Choudhary, A. (2021). Gamification in entrepreneurship education: A concrete application of Kahoot! International Journal of Management Education, 19(3), Article 100563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100563
Kirzner, I. M. (1979). Perception, opportunity, and profit: Studies in the theory of entrepreneurship. University of Chicago Press.Kirzner, I. M. (1973). Competition and entrepreneurship. University of Chicago Press.
Krueger, N. F. (1989). The antecedents of opportunity recognition: The role of perceived self-efficacy [The Ohio State University]. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 130(2), 556-556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.050
Liao, F., Li, A., Zhang, Q., & Yang, J. (2022). Recognizing opportunities when individual engaged in intrapreneurship: The role of creative self-efficacy and support for innovation. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.937971
Lomberg, C., Urbig, D., Stöckmann, C., Marino, L. D., & Dickson, P. H. (2017). Entrepreneurial orientation: The dimensions’ shared effects in explaining firm performance. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 41(6), 973–998. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12237
Lu, Y., & Jover, G. (2019). An anthroposophic view: What Confucian traditions can teach us about the past and future of Chinese higher education. Higher Education, 77(3), 423–436. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-018-0280-z
Martínez-Gregorio, S., Badenes-Ribera, L., & Oliver, A. (2021). Effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurship intention and related outcomes in educational contexts: a meta-analysis. International Journal of Management Education, 19(3), Article 100545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100545
Mary George, N., Parida, V., Lahti, T., & Wincent, J. (2016). A systematic literature review of entrepreneurial opportunity recognition: insights on influencing factors. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 12(2), 309–350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-014-0347-y
Marzano, A., & Miranda, S. (2021). Online learning environments stimulate in students the processes of mutual interaction between digital and analog artifacts to enhance student learning. MethodsX, 8, Article 101440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2021.101440
Maurer, T. J., & Pierce, H. R. (1998). A comparison of the Likert scale and traditional measures of self-efficacy. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(2), 324–329. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.83.2.324
Mayer, I., Kortmann, R., Wenzler, I., Wetters, Á., & Spaans, J. (2014). Game-based entrepreneurship education: Identifying enterprising personality, motivation and intentions amongst engineering students. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 17(2), 217–244.
Miller, K., Alexander, A., Cunningham, J. A., & Albats, E. (2018). Entrepreneurial academics and academic entrepreneurs: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Technology Management, 77(1/2/3), 9–37. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTM.2018.091710
Mohamed, N. A., & Sheikh Ali, A. Y. (2021). Entrepreneurship education: Systematic literature review and future research directions. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 17(4), 644–661. https://doi.org/10.1108/WJEMSD-07-2020-0084
Nambisan, S. (2017). Digital entrepreneurship: Toward a digital technology perspective of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 41(6), 1029–1055. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12254
Ndou, V., Secundo, G., Schiuma, G., & Passiante, G. (2018). Insights for shaping entrepreneurship education: Evidence from the European entrepreneurship centers. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(11), Article 4323. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10114323
Oberländer, A. M., Röglinger, M., & Rosemann, M. (2021). Digital opportunities for incumbents – A resource-centric perspective. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 30(3), Article 101670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2021.101670
Orel, M. (2020). The potentials of virtual reality in entrepreneurship education. In L. Daniela (Ed.), New perspectives on virtual and augmented reality: Finding new ways to teach in a transformed learning environment (pp. 38-48). Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003001874-3
Ozgen, E., & Baron, R. A. (2007). Social sources of information in opportunity recognition: Effects of mentors, industry networks, and professional forums. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(2), 174–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2005.12.001
Ozgen, E., Campus, D., Minsky, B. D., & Campus, D. (2007). Opportunity recognition in rural entrepreneurship in developing countries. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 11, 49–74.
Ozgen, E., & Minsky, B. D. (2013). Why do some college students engage in entrepreneurial activities while others do not? Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 16(5), 51. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2023.28026
Parker, G., Alstyne, M. Van, & Jiang, X. (2017). Platform ecosystems: How developers invert the firm. MIS Quarterly, 41(1), 255–266.
Perry-Smith, J. E. (2006). Social yet creative: The role of social relationships in facilitating individual creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 49(1), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2006.20785503
Prior, D. D., Mazanov, J., Meacham, D., Heaslip, G., & Hanson, J. (2016). Attitude, digital literacy, and self-efficacy: Flow-on effects for online learning behavior. Internet and Higher Education, 29, 91–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2016.01.001
Ratten, V., & Jones, P. (2021). Entrepreneurship and management education: Exploring trends and gaps. International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), Article 100431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2020.100431
Ratten, V., & Usmanij, P. (2021). Entrepreneurship education: Time for a change in research direction? International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), Article 100367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2020.100367
Rosendahl Huber, L., Sloof, R., Van Praag, M., & Parker, S. C. (2020). Diverse cognitive skills and team performance: A field experiment based on an entrepreneurship education program. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 177, 569–588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2020.06.030
Santarelli, E., & Tran, H. T. (2013). The interplay of human and social capital in shaping entrepreneurial performance: The case of Vietnam. Small Business Economics, 40(2), 435–458. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-012-9427-y
Secundo, G., Rippa, P., & Meoli, M. (2020). Digital transformation in entrepreneurship education centers: preliminary evidence from the Italian Contamination Labs network. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 26(7), 1589–1605. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2019-0618
Sexton, D. L., & Bowman-Upton, N. B. (1991). Entrepreneurship: Creativity and Growth. Macmillan Pub Co.
Sigfusson, T., & Chetty, S. (2013). Building international entrepreneurial virtual networks in cyberspace. Journal of World Business, 48(2), 260–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2012.07.011
Singh, R. P. (2000). Entrepreneurial Opportunity Recognition through Social Networks. Garland Publishing, Inc.
Singh, R. P., Hills, G. E., Hybels, R. C., & Lumpkin, G. T. (1999). Opportunity recognition through social network characteristics of entrepreneurs. In 19th, Annual Entrepreneurship research conference; Frontiers of entrepreneurship research 1999 (pp. 228-241). https://www.tib.eu/en/search/id/BLCP%3ACN035973576/Opportunity-Recognition-Through-Social-Network/
Sobakinova, D., Zhou, Y., & Aureaar, K. A. A. (2019). Self-efficacy, opportunity recognition, and business ideas. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, ICEME ’19, 51–56. https://doi.org/10.1145/3345035.3345079
Steininger, D. M. (2019). Linking information systems and entrepreneurship: A review and agenda for IT-associated and digital entrepreneurship research. Information Systems Journal, 29(2), 363–407. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12206
Subhash, S., & Cudney, E. A. (2018). Gamified learning in higher education: A systematic review of the literature. Computers in Human Behavior, 87, 192–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.05.028
Tantawy, M., Herbert, K., McNally, J. J., Mengel, T., Piperopoulos, P., & Foord, D. (2021). Bringing creativity back to entrepreneurship education: Creative self-efficacy, creative process engagement, and entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 15(March), Article e00239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2021.e00239
Tarabasz, A., Selaković, M., & Abraham, C. (2018). The classroom of the future: Disrupting the concept of contemporary business education. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 6(4), 231–245. https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2018.060413
Thompson, N. A., & Illes, E. (2021). Entrepreneurial learning as practice: A video-ethnographic analysis. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 27(3), 579–599. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-10-2018-0663
Tumasjan, A., & Braun, R. (2012). In the eye of the beholder: How regulatory focus and self-efficacy interact in influencing opportunity recognition. Journal of Business Venturing, 27(6), 622–636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2011.08.001
Vinogradova, M., Konstantinov, V., Prasolov, V., Lukyanova, A., & Grebenkina, I. (2019). Level entrepreneurship-role in the digital economy, tendencies of improvement of the information support system. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 22(5).
von Briel, F., Davidsson, P., & Recker, J. (2018). Digital technologies as external enablers of new venture creation in the it hardware sector. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 42(1), 47–69. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258717732779
Vorbach, S., Maria Poandl, E., & Korajman, I. (2019). Digital entrepreneurship education: The role of MOOCs. International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy, 9(3), 99–111. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v9i3.10149
Wraae, B., Tigerstedt, C., & Walmsley, A. (2021). Using reflective videos to enhance entrepreneurial learning. Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy, 4(4), 740–761. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515127420936955
Wu, D., Yang, X., Lu, C., Li, M., Wang, M., & Yang, W. (2023). Relationship between internet attitude and internet self-efficacy: ICT competence and network interaction as mediators. Children and Youth Services Review, 149, Article 106916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.106916
Yao, J., Wang, F., Jia, K., Han, B., Zhou, J., & Yang, H. (2021). Device-cloud collaborative learning for recommendation. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining (pp. 3865-3874). https://doi.org/10.1145/3447548.3467097
Zhang, Z. (2021). The impact of digital technologies on entrepreneurship education: A literature review for progress and prospects. Advances in Social Science, Education, and Humanities Research, 543(Icssed), 448–452. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210407.088
Żur, A. (2018). Changing entrepreneurship learning ecosystems: Massive open online courses. Opportunities and limitations. Przedsiębiorczość – Edukacja, 14, 1–11.
Pobrania
Pliki dodatkowe
Opublikowane
Numer
Dział
Licencja
Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Maria Grace Herlina, Eren Ozgen, Yunita Wijaya Handranata, Banu Rinaldi
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowe.
CC-BY
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. All authors agree for publishing their email adresses, affiliations and short bio statements with their articles during the submission process.
