Popular Culture in Social Media & Online Games: Between Morality, Fear, and Expectations from Families and Schools
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2024.2.617.632Keywords:
pop culture, social media, online games, fear, expectationsAbstract
Aim. This article aims to present the meanings given by families and schools in viewing popular culture in social media and online games, and the implications for children. Important questions in this study include the relevance of educational values, concerns, fears and hopes of families and schools in viewing popular culture today.
Methods. Phenomenology to explore how families and schools interpret the presence of popular culture in children's lives.
Results. Families and schools agree that compared to the positive benefits, popular culture has more negative effects on children. Concerns related to children's imitation nature, such as imitating various popular content on social media and online games and practising them in the real world. Families and schools fear of negative popular content will appear algorithmically and randomly on children's social media or online game homepages. All parties hope that the Indonesian government has the firmness to limit the intensity of use and the type of content consumed by children.
Conclusion. Popular culture is inseparable from children's lives today, as social media and online games have become new spaces for them. Despite knowing this, families and schools still suffer from worry and fear of the negative effects of popular culture on children. The control exercised by families and schools still provides a gap for negative popular culture to enter when children operate social media and online games. Therefore, moral teachings are needed for families and schools to ask the government to be actively involved in limiting children's consumption of popular culture.
Downloads
References
Adhari, A., & Sitabuana, T. H. (2021). Kebijakan Pembatasan Internet di Indonesia : Perspektif Negara Hukum, Hak Asasi Manusia, dan Kajian Perbandingan Internet [Internet Restriction Policy in Indonesia: Perspectives of the Rule of Law, Human Rights, and Comparative Internet Studies]. Jurnal Konstiusi, 18(1), 262–293.
Aistrope, T. (2020). Popular culture, the body and world politics. European Journal of International Relations, 26(1), 163–186. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066119851849
Annur, C. M. (2024a). Iklan TikTok di Indonesia Jangkau 126 Juta Audiens, Terbanyak ke-2 Global [TikTok Ads in Indonesia Reach 126 Million Audiences, 2nd Largest Globally]. Databoks. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2024/03/06/iklan-tiktok-di-indonesia-jangkau-126-juta-audiens-terbanyak-ke-2-global
Annur, C. M. (2024b). Indonesia Masuk Top 10 Negara Paling Betah Main Medsos. [Indonesia Enters Top 10 Countries Most Enjoy Playing Social Media]. Databoks. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2024/02/16/indonesia-masuk-top-10-negara-paling-betah-main-medsos
Annur, C. M. (2024c). Ini Media Sosial Paling Banyak Digunakan di Indonesia Awal 2024. [These Are the Most Used Social Media in Indonesia in Early 2024]. Databoks. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2024/03/01/ini-media-sosial-paling-banyak-digunakan-di-indonesia-awal-2024
Atmadja, N. B., & Ariyani, L. P. S. (2018). Sosiologi Media: Perpsektif Teori Kritis. [Sociology of Media: A Critical Theory Perspective] (1st ed.). Rajawali Pers.
Barni, D., Russo, C., Zagrean, I., Di Fabio, M., & Danioni, F. (2020). Adolescents’ internalization of moral values: the role of paternal and maternal promotion of volitional functioning. Journal of Family Studies, 28(3), 1095–1107. https://doi.org/10.1080/13229400.2020.1789494
Beer, D. (2013). Popular culture and new media: The politics of circulation. In Popular Culture and New Media: The Politics of Circulation. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137270061
Bozzola, E., Spina, G., Agostiniani, R., Barni, S., Russo, R., Scarpato, E., Di Mauro, A., Di Stefano, A. V., Caruso, C., Corsello, G., & Staiano, A. (2022). The Use of Social Media in Children and Adolescents: Scoping Review on the Potential Risks. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(16), 9960. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169960
Burton, G. (2012). Media dan budaya popular. [Media and popular culture]. Jalasutra.
Ciris, V., Baskonus, T., Kartal, T., & Tasdemir, A. (2022). A Study on Digital Game Addictions of Adolescents in the Covid-19 Pandemic. Journal of Education in Science, Environment and Health, 8(2), 168–186. https://doi.org/10.55549/jeseh.01113707
D’Lima, P., & Higgins, A. (2021). Social media engagement and Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) in primary school children. Educational Psychology in Practice, 37(3), 320–338. https://doi.org/10.1080/02667363.2021.1947200
De Leyn, T., De Wolf, R., Vanden Abeele, M., & De Marez, L. (2022). In-between child’s play and teenage pop culture: tweens, TikTok & privacy. Journal of Youth Studies, 25(8), 1108–1125. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2021.1939286
Dihni, V. A. (2024). Jumlah Gamers Indonesia Terbanyak Ketiga di Dunia. [Indonesian Gamers Are Third Largest in the World]. Databoks. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2022/02/16/jumlah-gamers-indonesia-terbanyak-ketiga-di-dunia
eSafety Commisioner. (2024). Young people and gaming. Methodology report. Australian Governement. https://www.esafety.gov.au/sites/default/files/2024-02/Young People and Gaming - Methodology.pdf?v=1715083002734
Flick, U., Steinke, I., & von Kardov, E. (2020). Qualitative Research Master Book: Paradigms, Theories, Methods, Procedures, and Practices. Cantrik Pustaka.
Grégoire, J., & Pauwels, L. J. R. (2020). Do Specific Combinations of Parent–Child Relationships Predict Moral Values? Deviant Behavior, 41(12), 1485–1509. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639625.2019.1627018
Hamzah, A. (2020). Phenomenological Research Methods of Philosophy and Science Studies. Literasi Nusantara.
Hayes, B., James, A., Barn, R., & Watling, D. (2022). “The world we live in now”: A qualitative investigation into parents’, teachers’, and children’s perceptions of social networking site use. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 92(1), 340–363. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12452
Horton, J. (2010). “The best thing ever”: How children’s popular culture matters. Social and Cultural Geography, 11(4), 377–398. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649361003774563
Hosseini, H. (2010). Popular culture in Asia: Globalization, regionalization, and localization. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(5), 7356–7358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.05.094
Jeong, J. S., Lee, S. H., & Lee, S. G. (2017). When Indonesians Routinely Consume Korean Pop Culture: Revisiting Jakartan Fans of the Korean Drama Dae Jang Geum. International Journal of Communication, 11(1), 2288–2307.
Kaya, A., Türk, N., Batmaz, H., & Griffiths, M. D. (2023). Online Gaming Addiction and Basic Psychological Needs Among Adolescents: The Mediating Roles of Meaning in Life and Responsibility. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-022-00994-9
Montag, C., Demetrovics, Z., Elhai, J. D., Grant, D., Koning, I., Rumpf, H. J., M. Spada, M., Throuvala, M., & van den Eijnden, R. (2024). Problematic social media use in childhood and adolescence. Addictive Behaviors, 153, 107980. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.107980
Muhamad, N. (2024). Mayoritas Konsumen Game Online Main Lebih Dari 4 Jam Sehari. [Majority of Online Game Consumers Play More Than 4 Hours a Day]. Databoks. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2023/06/15/mayoritas-konsumen-game-online-main-lebih-dari-4-jam-sehari
Novrialdy, E., Nirwana, H., & Ahmad, R. (2019). High School Students Understanding of the Risks of Online Game Addiction. Journal of Educational and Learning Studies, 2(2), 113. https://doi.org/10.32698/0772
OfCom. (2023). Children and Parents: Media Use and Attitudes. https://www.ofcom.org.uk/media-use-and-attitudes/media-habits-children/children-and-parents-media-use-and-attitudes-report-2024/
Office of the Surgeon General. (2023). Social Media and Youth Mental Health:The U.S. Surgeon General’s Advisory. The U.S. Surgeon General’s Advisory, 25. https://www.hhs.gov/surgeongeneral/priorities/youth-mental-health/social-media/index.html
ÖZGÜR, H. (2019). Online Game Addiction Among Turkish Adolescents: The Effect of Internet Parenting Style. Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Technology, 7(1), 47–68. https://doi.org/10.17220/mojet.2019.01.004
Perren, S., & Gutzwiller-Helfenfinger, E. (2012). Cyberbullying and traditional bullying in adolescence: Differential roles of moral disengagement, moral emotions, and moral values. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9(2), 195–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2011.643168
Peterson, A. (2020). Character education, the individual and the political. Journal of Moral Education, 49(2), 143–157. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2019.1653270
Powers, D. (2022). The problem of popular culture. Communication Theory, 32(4), 461–470. https://doi.org/10.1093/ct/qtac011
Pudjianto, B. W., Amri, M., Roza, A. M., Surya, T., Putra, M. P., Pribadi, W. A., Ameliah, R., Negara, R. A., Minarto, B., Manurung, T. M., Akbar, M., Zabkie, V., Iswara, P., Windarti, Natsir, S. Z. M., Boyfala, E. J., Fazahra, A., Pratama, N. Z., Anggia, R….,& Ayu, A. (2022). Status Literasi Digtal di Indonesia (Issue November). Kominfo. https://web.kominfo.go.id/sites/default/files/ReportSurveiStatusLiterasiDigitalIndonesia2022.pdf
Rafique, S., Khan, M. H., & Bilal, H. (2022). A Critical Analysis of Pop Culture and Media. Global Regional Review, VII(I), 173–184. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2022(vii-i).17
Şenol, Y., Şenol, F. B., & Can Yaşar, M. (2024). Digital game addiction of preschool children in the Covid-19 pandemic: social emotional development and parental guidance. Current Psychology, 43, 839–847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04323-8
Siska, F., Irwan, I., Melia, Y., Meldawati, M., & Febriani, T. (2022). Comparison Study of Elementary School Social Studies Curriculum in Singapore and Hongkong. PEDAGOGIK: Jurnal Pendidikan, 9(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.33650/pjp.v9i1.3559
Storey, J. (2010). Pengantar Komprehensif Teori dan Metode Cultural Studies dan Kajian Budaya Pop. [A Comprehensive Introduction to the Theory and Methods of Cultural Studies and Pop Culture Studies]. Jalasutra.
Strinati, D. (2020). Popular Culture: Pengantar Menuju Budaya Populer [Popular Culture “Introduction to Popular Culture]. Narasi.
Theobald, M., Busch, G., & Danby, S. (2018). Socializing children into pop culture: A visit to Santa. Global Studies of Childhood, 8(3), 252–266. https://doi.org/10.1177/2043610618798930
Van Dijk A., de Haan, M., & de Winter, M. (2020). Armoured with morality: Parental perspectives on moral education in the violent context of Brazilian slums. Journal of Moral Education, 49(4), 436–453. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2019.1646635
Vyomakesisri, T., Sonu, T., & Srikanth, D. (2020). POP Culture: Interaction of and Influence on the Youth. International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences, 5(1), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.51.2
Wheeler, K. (2023). Educating children as sustainable citizen-consumers: A qualitative content analysis of sustainability education resources. Journal of Moral Education, 52(4), 453–473. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2022.2159344
Willoughby, M. (2019). A review of the risks associated with children and young people’s social media use and the implications for social work practice. Journal of Social Work Practice, 33(2), 127–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650533.2018.1460587
Wilson, C., & Stock, J. (2021). ‘Social media comes with good and bad sides, doesn’t it?’ A balancing act of the benefits and risks of social media use by young adults with long-term conditions. Health, 25(5), 515–534. https://doi.org/10.1177/13634593211023130
Wong, M. Y. (2021). Beyond asking ‘should’ and ‘why’ questions: Contextualised questioning techniques for moral discussions in moral education classes. Journal of Moral Education, 50(3), 368–383. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2020.1713066
Yalçın, V. (2021). Moral Development in Early Childhood: Benevolence and Responsibility in the Context of Children’s Perceptions and Reflections. Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research, 16(4), 140–163. https://doi.org/10.29329/epasr.2021.383.8
Zhu, Y. (2023). The Influence Factors and Intervention of Children’s Gaming Addiction. SHS Web of Conferences, 157, 01027. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202315701027
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Hidar Amaruddin, Achmad Dardiri, Ariefa Efianingrum, Sutiyono Sutiyono
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
CC-BY
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. All authors agree for publishing their email adresses, affiliations and short bio statements with their articles during the submission process.
